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| Scope: 氏族博攷 |
| Condition : Contains text 「䢵」 |
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19  | 氏族之譌久矣，凡蒋邢、茅胙、祭周公之●也，此三者，實一姓也，自分為三派，寖逺寖㤀，則為三姓矣，退之所謂徐與秦俱出韓、與何同姓之類是也。揚子雲于蜀無他揚，今此揚姓不復見，亦皆襍于楊矣。錢鏐有吳越、吳越之人，避其諱，以劉去偏傍而為金王審知，據閩、閩人避其諱，以沈去水而為尤，二姓，實一姓也。今之稱複姓者，皆從省文，如司馬則曰馬諸葛則曰葛歐，陽則曰歐鮮于則曰于，如此之類甚多，相承不已，複姓又将混于單姓矣。唐永貞元年十二月，淳于姓改為于以音，與憲宗名同也，至今二于無復可辨，如豆盧蓋唐大族，欽望、瑑革皆嘗為相，而此姓今不復見，其殆混于盧耶。夫氏姓之著，人倫之所繇敘，風俗之所繇篤，亦政敎之甚急也，而世或忽之，使不明焉。然則俗之澆惡，豈惟民之罪哉？古者司商以協民姓，民庶之家無妄改也，後世官厯之書，反著天老乞姓之文，此何為耶？若是而欲氏族之不亂，不可得矣。武為蝮，揚為梟，簫為蛸，孫為厲，此惡號也，亦必有繇焉。王為可頻李為徒，何、楊為普，陋如而蔡為大利稽，此夷語也，然而猶可稽也，奈何氏姓之書不知其繇，乃復妄為之說，如以䨇姓為出䝉，䨇奇姓為出伯奇愚出，愚公度出度支，軍本冠軍，皇本三皇，兒因語兒，終因六終，春則自於春申，有則自於有巢，居本於先，且居西本於西門，豹謂為匠麗之變，謂冷為伶倫之訛，芻因於牛哀之食芻，兹因於才子之宣兹，審出於面勢之審曲，此何典故？又若以童為出老童，而洪出於共工，箕出於商紂，伊繇唐堯昌繇昌意累出，累祖●出於●叔，季載而卑本於卑耳之國，其妄繆可勝，槩邪上世，書必同文，而後世儒流視為小伎漫不之習，無惑乎氏姓之失其統也！且以山名非必從山鳥名，非必從鳥草木之名，豈皆傍施草木？䖝魚之字，奚必則設䖝魚？是則國邑之名，古之從邑者甚少，今也不原其始，而謂邾、郳、鄷、●、䢾、邳、鄾、鄐、郾、鄅、●、鄶、鄣、●、邡、●、䢵、鄪、邭、邵、鄖、鄘、邴、鄎、鄩、鄤、●、鄃、邘、郜、郕、郲、鄸、●、邼、郙之類，皆因失國避難而去邑，不知從邑者，乃後世之俗，制古希有也。張納碑言張本、張星、柳敏碣言柳因、柳宿果何據耶？盧雷、陳甄既云聲轉仇求棗棘，則謂仇改惟不學之過哉？亦不識字之所致也。往嘗謂王羲之弄筆寫林禽為來禽，而世亦千年弗知，反為說曰，果孰禽來，而以為名。俗儒之可笑類如此，東方生曰：來來為棗，而棗陽本棘陽也。予以是知文士士棘祗棘據之改為棗，非避仇也。世之避翼祖諱者，析其字以為文，苟二氏而不知翼祖之諱不從，茍不從文也。昔者魯之公索氏，将祭而㤀其姓，人以是●，其必亡而隨之，文帝惡隨之從辵，乃去其辵以為隋，不知隋自音妥隋者，尸祭鬼神之物也，守祧既祭，則藏其隋，亦云釁殺裂，落肉之名也。卒之國。以隋裂而終，則書名之講，其禍如是，然則君子可不知所戒哉？ |
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