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《卷下之上》
54  | 浮丘伯相鶴經云鶴者陽鳥也而遊於陰因金氣依火精以自養金數九火數七故稟其純陽也生二年子毛落而黑毛易三年頂赤為羽翮其七年小變而飛薄雲漢復七年聲應節而晝夜十二時鳴鳴則中律百六十年大變而不食生物故大毛落而茸毛生乃潔白如雪故泥水不能汚或即純黑而緇盡成膏矣復百六十年變止而雌雄相視目睛不轉則有孕千六百年形定飲而不食與鸞鳳同羣胎化而産為仙人之騏驥矣夫聲聞于天故頂赤食於水故喙長軒於前故後指短棲於陸故足髙而尾凋一作周翔於雲故毛豐而肉疎且大喉以吐故修頸以納新故天夀不可量所以體無青黃二色者土木之氣內養故不表於外也是以行必依洲嶼止不集林木蓋羽族之清崇者也玉策紀曰千載之鶴隨時而鳴能翔於霄漢其未千載者終不及於漢也其相曰瘦頭朱頂則沖霄露眼黑睛則逺視隆鼻短喙一作啄則少瞑䯓故解反又音諧頰䯔得宅反耳則知時長頸竦身則能鳴鴻翅鴿膺則體輕鳳翼雀尾則善飛龜背鼈腹則伏産軒前垂後則㑹舞髙脛麄節則足力洪髀纎指則好翹聖人在位則與鳳皇翔於郊甸周易曰鳴鶴在陰其子和之禽經鶴以聲交而孕張註雄鳴上風雌承下風則孕又云露翥則露張華註云露禽鶴也古今註鶴千載變蒼又千載變黑所謂𤣥鶴也子野鼓琴𤣥鶴來舞露下則鶴鳴也鶴之馴養於家庭者飲露則飛去埤雅鶴性警至八月白露降流於草上㸃滴有聲因即髙鳴相警移徙所宿處慮有變害也蓋鶴體潔白舉則髙至鳴則逺聞性又善警行必依洲嶼止不集林木故詩易以為君子言行之象禽經曰鶴以怨望䲭以貪顧雞以嗔睨鴨以怒瞋雀以猜瞿燕以狂䀪視也鸎以喜轉烏以悲啼鳶以飢鳴鶴以潔唳梟以凶呌鴟以愁嘯鳴也今鶴雌雄相隨如道士步斗履其跡而孕內典曰鶴影生禽經曰鶴愛陰而惡陽雁愛陽而惡陰爾雅翼云鶴一起千里古謂之仙禽以其於物為夀淮南曰鶴夀千嵗以極其遊繁露曰鶴知夜半鶴水鳥也夜半水位感其生氣則喜而鳴所以夀者無死氣於中也性好在陰故謂其羽為陰羽周書曰陰羽鳧旌解者曰鶴鳧羽為旌也禽經又曰鶴老則聲下而不能髙近而不能尞書又言鶴體無青黃二色者木土之氣內養故不表於外然本草云鶴有𤣥有黃有白有蒼𤣥則鶴之老者百六十年則有純白純黑若黃鶴古人常言之又多言鵠鵠即是鶴音之轉後人以鵠名頗著謂鶴之外別有所謂鵠故埤雅既釋鶴又釋鵠漢昭時黃鵠下建章宮太液池而歌則名黃鶴神異經鶴國有海鵠衞懿公好鶴齊王使獻鵠于楚如蕙帳空兮夜鶴怨楚辭黃鶴一舉及田饒說魯哀公言黃鵠或為鶴或為鵠者甚多以此知鶴之外無別有所謂鵠也古以鶴為祥故立之華表說文桓亭郵表也一說漢法亭部四角建大木貫以方表名曰桓表又鶴之膝特隆故吳矛骹大者名鶴膝又作詩者以中字平為寉膝通卦驗云立夏清風至而鶴鳴玉䇿記云千嵗之鶴隨時而鳴能登木色純白腦盡成骨其未千嵗者終不集於林也本草云穆天子傳曰天子至巨蒐二氏獻白鶴之血以飲天子血主益氣力 |
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