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26  | 李東陽曰河之為患自古有之治法亦異蓋有塞有浚有疏而疏之說勝河決張秋徐有貞治之有撓其議者曰不能塞而顧開之耶使者至徐出示二壺一竅五竅者各一注而瀉之則五竅者先涸使歸而議決侍郎白昻治原武之決舉南兵部郎中婁性同事築陽武長隄以防秋漲引中牟之決以入淮浚宿州古汴河以逹泗自小河西抵歸徳飲馬池中經符離一帶皆浚而深廣之又疏月河十餘以殺其勢由是河入汴汴入睢睢入泗泗入淮以逹於海又以河南入淮非正道恐不能容又自魚䑓歴徳州至大清河及古黃河以入海河口各作石堰相水盈縮以時啟閉疏之效亦明矣哉徐有貞治河工成碑臣聞凡平水土其要在知天時地利人事而已天時既經地利既緯而人事於是乎盡且夫水之為性可順焉以導不可逆焉以堙禹之行水行所無事用此道也今或反是治所以難蓋河自雍豫出險固而之夷斥其水之勢既肆又由豫而兖土益踈水益肆而沙灣之東所謂大洪之口適當其衝於是決焉而奪濟汶入海之路以去諸水從之而洩隄以潰渠以淤澇則溢旱則涸此漕途所為阻者與然欲驟而湮焉則不可故潰者益潰淤者益淤而莫之捄也今欲捄之請先疏其水水勢平乃治其決決止乃濬其淤因為之防以時節宣俾無溢涸之患必如是而後有成制曰可臣有貞乃經營焉作治水之閘流水之渠起張秋金堤之首西南行九里而至濮陽之濼又九里而至於博陵之陂又六里而至於夀張之沙河又八里而至於東西影塘又十有五里而至於白嶺之灣又三里而至於李𡸠之涯由李𡸠而上又二十里而至於竹口蓮花之池又三十里而至於大瀦之潭乃踰范曁濮又上而西凡數百里經澶淵以接河沁河沁之水過則害微則利故遏其過而導其微用平水勢既成名其渠曰廣濟閘曰通源渠有分合而閘有上下凡河流之旁出而不順者則堰之堰有九長袤皆至丈萬九堰既設其水遂不東衝沙灣乃更北出以濟漕渠之涸阿西鄄東曹南鄆北之區出沮洳而資灌溉者為頃百數十萬行旅既便居民既安有貞知事必集乃叅綜古法擇其善而為之加神用焉既作大堰其上揵以水門其下繚以虹隄堰之崇三十有六尺其厚什之長伯之門之廣三十有六丈厚倍之隄之厚如門崇如堰而長倍之架濤截流柵木絡竹實之石而鍵之鐡蓋合土木火金而一之用平水性既乃導汶泗之源而出諸山滙澶濮之流而納諸澤遂濬漕渠由沙灣而北至於臨清凡二百四十里南至於濟寧凡二百一十里復作放水之閘於東昌之龍灣魏灣凡八為水之度其盈過丈則放而洩之皆通古河以入於海上制其源下放其流既有所節且有所宣用平水道由是水害以除水利以興初議者多難其事至欲棄渠弗治而由河沁及海以漕然卒不可行也時又有發京軍䟽河之議有貞因奏蠲瀕河州縣之民馬牧等役而事事河防以省軍費便民力天子從之 |
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