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《卷第一》
8  | 種糓第三為粟類故稗附出稗種糓稷為糓望俗名之耳爾雅曰粢稷也說文曰粟嘉糓實也糓稷也名粟糓者五糓之揔名非止謂粟也然今人專以青稷有雪白粟亦名白莖又有白藍下竹頭莖青白逯麥擢石精郭義㳟廣志曰有赤粟白莖有黑格雀粟有張公班有含黄倉有也按今世粟名多以人姓字為名囙亦有觀形立名亦有會義為盧狗蹯之名種云郭璞注爾雅曰今江東呼稷為粢孫炎曰稷粟黃百日糧有起婦黃辱稻糧奴子黃音加支糓焦金黃䳺稱聊復載之云耳朱糓髙居黄劉猪獬道愍黄聒谷雀懊黄續命味美今堕車下馬㸔百群羊懸蛇赤尾罷虎黃雀民溱馬洩韁劉履命一名麥争埸此十四種早熟耐旱免蟲聒谷黃辱稻糧二種南木隈隄黃宋冀癡指張黃兎脚青恵日黃冩風赤一睍黃猪赤李浴黄阿摩糧東海黄石䮑民臥嵗蘇臥青莖青黒好黄附種易舂寳珠黄俗得白張鄰黄白鹺糓䬲千黄張蟻白耿虎黄都山鹺頓黄此二十四種穗皆有毛耐風免雀暴一睍黃一白僧延黃赤粱糓靈忽黄獺尾青續得黄稈容青孫延黃豬矢青奴赤茄蘆黄薰猪赤魏爽黄白莖青竹根黃調母梁磊碨黃劉沙蹄黄餓狗倉可憐黄米糓鹿橛青阿邏邏此三十八種中租火糓煙熏黄樂婢青平夀黄鹿橛白鹺折筐黄穇阿居黄赤巴粱鹿橝糝樂婢青二種易舂竹葉青石抑闕創怪竹葉青一名胡糓水白鹺榖調母粟二種味羙捍容青阿居黄猪矢青有三種味悪黃堆黃青子規此十種晚熟耐水有蟲災則盡矣黒糓忽泥青衝天棒雉子青鴟脚糓鴈頭青攬凡糓成熟有早晩苗稈有髙下收實有多少質性有強弱米味有美惡粒實有息耗苗短而早熟者苗者長青白黒是也收少者美而耗收多者悪而息也收多晚熟者苗長而收少強苗者短黄糓之屬是也弱地勢有良薄晚早亦無害薄地冝早晚必不成實也良田冝種晚薄田冝種早良地非獨冝山澤有異冝田種弱苗以求華實也山田種強苗以避風霜澤順天時量地利則用力少而成功多任情返道勞而無獲魚手必虚迎風散入泉伐木登山求圜其勢難水逆坂走凢糓田緑豆小豆底為上麻黍胡麻次之蕪菁大豆為下本既不論聊復記之常見瓜底不减緑豆良地一畒用子五升薄地三升田加種也此為植糓晚糓田必須嵗易薄矣䬇尹絹反䬇子則莠多而收二月三月種者為植禾四月五月種者為穉禾二月上旬及麻菩音勃音倍楊生種者為上時三月上旬及清明節桃始花為中時四月上旬及棗葉生桑花落為下時嵗道冝晚者五月六月初亦得凡春種欲深宜曵重撻夏種欲淺直置自生曵撻則根虚雖春氣冷生遲不亦不湏撻必欲撻者冝須待白背濕撻令地堅硬故也生輒死夏氣熱而生速曵撻遇雨必堅垎其春澤多者或凡種糓雨後為佳遇小雨宜接濕種遇大雨待薉生則令苗瘦薉若盛者先鋤一徧然後納種乃佳也小雨不接濕無以生禾苗大雨不待白背濕輾春若遇旱秋耕之地得仰壟待雨不中也春耕者夏若仰壟匪直盪汰不生兼與草薉俱出凡田欲早晚相雜有所冝防嵗道有閏之嵗節氣近後冝晩田然大率欲早早田倍多於晩其收任多少從嵗所冝非関早早田浄而易治晚者蕪穢難治晚榖皮厚米少而虚也晚然早榖皮薄米實而多苗生如馬耳則鏇鋤得糓馬諺曰𣣔角切耳鏃初稀豁之處鋤而𥙷之利益動能百倍用功蓋不足言凢五糓唯小鋤為良者草根繁茂用功多而收益少小鋤者非直省功糓亦陪勝大鋤良田率一赤留一科鋤而去之諺云迴車倒馬擲衣不下皆十石而劉章耕田歌曰深耕穊種立苗𣣔䟽非其類者之收皆均平也收言大稀大穊薄地㝷壠躡之故不耕苗出壟則深鋤鋤不猒數周而復始勿以無草而暫停者鋤米息鋤得十徧便得八米也非止除草乃地熟而實多糠薄春鋤起地夏為除草故春鋤不用觸濕六月巳後雖濕亦無嫌淺隂未春苗既害矣管子曰為國者使農寒耕而熱芸芸除草也覆地濕鋤則地堅夏苗隂厚地不見日故雖濕亦無苗既出壟每一經雨白背時輒以鐵齒楱縱橫杷而勞之傷苗如此令地熟軟易鋤省力中鋒止杷法令人坐上數以手斷去草草塞齒則苗髙一赤鋒之皆佳三徧者耩反故項者非不壅本苗深糓草益實然令地堅硬乏澤難耕鋤得五徧巳上不煩耩下令突起則潤澤易耕必欲耩者刈糓之後即鋒菱凢種欲牛遲緩行種人令促步以足躡壠底跡相接者亦不可煩撻也牛遲則子匀足躡則苗茂足熟速刈乾速積濕積則藁爛積晚則損耗連雨則生耳刈早則鎌傷刈晚則穂折遇風則收减凡五榖大判上旬種者全收中旬中收下旬下收雜隂陽書曰禾生於棗或楊九十日秀秀後六十日成禾生於寅壯於丁午長於丙老於戊死於申惡於壬癸忌於乙丑 |
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